Thursday, February 8, 2024

Upper - intermediate class 2 (7/02/2024)

 This week we started the topic of the Present Subjuntive on pages 5 and 6. This is a tense to express feelings, orders, doubt or uncertainty.

To form the present subjunctive: 

- we take the first person of the verb in present simple.

- we get rid of the -o.

- we add the correct ending according to its group.



Irregular verbs in present simple in Spanish will take that irregularity in the subjunctive: 


Irregular verbs in subjunctive: 



In pairs, we completed the verbs in the subjuntive tense on page 6: 

1. Yo (comer): coma
2. Él (bailar): baile
3. Nosotros (ser): seamos
4. Yo (comprar): compre
5. Ella (tener): tenga
6. Yo (ir): vaya
7. Él (querer): quiera
8. Nosotros (levantarse): nos levantemos
9. Tú (saber): sepas
10. Él (haber): haya

Different uses and phrases to use with subjunctive - page 7:

1.To express doubt, uncertainty or a negative opinion: 

dudo que - I doubt that
espero que - I hope that
no estoy seguro / a que - I am not sure that
no creo que - I dont think that
es posible que - It is possible that
puede ser que - It can be that

Examples: 

Dudo que Pedro venga pronto - I doubt that Pedro comes soon
No que tengamos tiempo para ir al supermercado - I don't think we will have time to go to the supermarket

2.Impersonal statements:

es bueno que - it is good that
es malo que - it is bad that
es importante que - it is important that
es interesante que - it is interesting that
es una lástima que - it is a pity that
es triste que - it is sad that
es preciso que - it is necessary that
es necesario que - it is necessary that

Examples: 

Es bueno que Sligo tenga sitios turísticos - It is good that Sligo has touristic places.
Es importante que el gobierno haga más casas para los ciudadanos - It is important that the government build more houses for the citizens.

3. To express commands, requests or advice:

quiero que - I want that
recomiendo que - I recommend that
prefiero que - I prefer that
aconsejo que - I advise that
exijo que - I demand that
necesito que - I need that

Examples: 
Quiero que vengas a mi casa - I want you to come to my house
Necesito que hagas tus deberes - I need you to do your homework


4.To express actions or wishes that will happen in the future:

cuando - when
en cuanto - as soon as
tan pronto como - as soon as
una vez que - once that 
antes de que - before
después de que - after

Examples: 
Cuando termine mi clase, voy a volver a casa - When I finish my class, I am going back home.
En cuanto llegue a casa, voy a preparar la cena - As soon as I get home, I am going to prepare dinner.


In the second part of the class, we discussed four statements using the subjunctive tense. Sample answers:

1. La televisión es una basura y una pérdida de tiempo - Television is rubbish and a waste of time.
 
Estoy de acuerdo. No creo que aprendamos mucho viendo programas de realidad o culebrones - I agree. I don't think we learnt a lot watching reality shows or soap operas.

No estoy de acuerdo. Es bueno que haya programas como los documentares donde podemos aprender hechos sobre los animales o la naturaleza - I don't agree. It is good that there are programmes like documentaries where we can learn facts on animals or nature.


2.Los deberes no deberían existir - Homework should not exist.

Estoy de acuerdo. Es importante que los niños tengan tiempo libre por las tardes para practicar diferentes actividades o para hacer deporte - I agree. It is important that children have free time in the afternoons/evenings to practise different activities or to do sports.

No estoy de acuerdo. Quiero que mis hijos tengan deberes para revisar lo que han aprendido durante la jornada escolar. - I don't agree. I want my children to have homework to revise what they have learnt during the school day.


3. Internet es un medio educativo y podemos aprender mucho - Internet is a very educational means and we can learn a lot.

Estoy de acuerdo. Es interesante que haya aplicaciones como Duolingo porque podemos aprender en cualquier parte. - I agree. It is interesting that there are apps like Duolingo because we can learn anywhere.

No estoy de acuerdo. No creo que Internet sea un medio educativo, ¡al contrario! Pienso que es una distracción - I don't agree. I don't think the Internet is an educational means, on the contrary! I think that it is a distraction.

4.La contaminación es un problema que no podemos parar - Pollution is a problem we cannot stop.

Estoy de acuerdo. Es una lástima que haya tanta contaminacion en los océanos y los ríos. Es un problema sin solución. - I agree. It is a pity that there is so much pollution in the oceans and the rivers. 

No estoy de acuerdo. Nosotros como ciudadanos tenemos la solución. Es preciso que usemos el transporte público o andemos más. - I don't agree. We, as citizens, have the solution. It is necessary that we use public transport or walk more.


Reading comprehension page 8 (extra resources)

La costumbre de comer en familia se está perdiendo - The habit of eating with the family is getting lost. 

Comer en familia promueve la buena comunicación - Eating with the family promotes good communication

Mejora las relaciones entre sus miembros - It improves the relationshiops among its members.

Compartir acontecimientos que han sucedido durante el día - To share events that have happened during the day

Es importante que los móviles se dejen en otra habitación - It is important that phones are left in another room

Fuera del alcance del dueño - Out of the owner's reach

Es bueno que la televisión esté apagada - It is good that the TV is switched off

Es necesario que las comidas tengan lugar en el mismo lugar - It is necesssary that meals take place in the same place.

Espero que las familias crean y se ciñan a esa costumbre - I hope families create and stick to this routine.







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